Legend
Please note that a short description of a certain column can be displayed when you move your mouse cursor over the column's header and hold it still. Below, a more detailed description is shown per column.
Affects function: The variant's effect on the function of the gene/protein, displayed in the format 'R/C'. R is the value reported by the source (publication, submitter) and this classification may vary between records. C is the value concluded by the curator. Note that in some database the curator uses Summary records to give details on the classification of the variant.Values used: '+' indicating the variant affects function, '+?' probably affects function, '-' does not affect function, '-?' probably does not affect function, '?' effect unknown, '.' effect was not classified.
Exon: number of exon/intron containing variant; 2 = exon 2, 12i = intron 12, 2i_7i = from intron 2 to intron 7, 8i_9 = intron 8/exon 9 boundary, _1 = 5' to exon 1, 18_ = 3' of exon 18, _1_18_ = encompassing the entire 18-exon gene
DNA change (cDNA): description of variant at DNA level, based on a coding DNA reference sequence (following HGVS recommendations); e.g. c.123C>T, c.123_145del, c.123_126dup. For deletions/duplications extending beyond the reference transcript resp. {0}/{2} is used to replace del/dup. Extent of the deletion/duplication should be specified using the genomic description (g.). "-" indicates the variant described on genomic level does not affect the coding DNA reference sequence.
RNA change: description of variant at RNA level (following HGVS recommendations).
- r.123c>u
- r.? = unknown
- r.(?) = RNA not analysed but probably transcribed copy of DNA variant
- r.spl? = RNA not analysed but variant probably affects splicing
- r.(spl?) = RNA not analysed but variant may affect splicing
- r.0? = change expected to abolish transcription
Protein: description of variant at protein level (following HGVS recommendations).
- p.(Arg345Pro) = change predicted from DNA (RNA not analysed)
- p.Arg345Pro = change derived from RNA analysis
- p.? = unknown effect
- p.0? = probably no protein produced
P-domain: LDLR domain described from 5’/3' untranslated region, exons/introns for large rearrangements (LRG_274) to peptide functional domains (UniProt:P01130)
Enzyme activity: activity variant enzym
Predict-BioInf: predicted effect of variant using bioinformatic analysis tools (e.g. AGVGD, CADD, conservation, Grantham, MutationTaster, PolyPhen, REVEL, SIFT, splicing, etc.)

 Affects function
|

 Exon
|

 DNA change (cDNA)
|

 RNA change
|

 Protein
|

 P-domain
|

 Enzyme activity
|

 Predict-BioInf
|
+/+ |
_1_2i |
c.-1823_190+566del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 2 |
- |
- |
+/. |
_1_1i |
c.-1818_67+1091delinsTTC |
r.0? |
p.0? |
- |
- |
- |
?/. |
- |
c.-342C>A |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
-?/. |
- |
c.-309C>A |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
?/. |
- |
c.-283G>C |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
-?/. |
- |
c.-268G>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
-?/-? |
_1 |
c.-268G>T |
r.(=) |
p.? |
FP2 cis acting regulatory element |
Transient transfection in HepG2 cells demonstrated |
conservation: 7/8 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
-?/-? |
_1 |
c.-268G>T |
r.(=) |
p.? |
FP2 cis acting regulatory element |
limited effect on LDLR activity |
conservation: 7/8 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/? |
_1 |
c.-221_-220insA |
r.(=) |
p.? |
FP1 cis acting regulatory element |
- |
- |
-?/. |
- |
c.-217C>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
-?/-? |
_1 |
c.-217C>T |
r.(=) |
p.? |
FP1 cis acting regulatory element |
160% luciferase activity compared to wt {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
-?/? |
_1 |
c.-217C>T |
r.(=) |
p.? |
FP1 cis acting regulatory element |
160% luciferase activity compared to wt {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
-?/? |
_1 |
c.-215A>G |
r.(=) |
p.? |
FP1 cis acting regulatory element |
100% luciferase activity compared to wt {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
conservation: 11/12 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
-?/-? |
_1 |
c.-208A>T |
r.(=) |
p.? |
SREBP1/FP1 |
100% of wt trascriptional activity (luciferase assay). |
conservation: 12/12 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/? |
_1 |
c.-206C>T |
r.(=) |
p.? |
SREBP1/FP1 |
not tested |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/? |
_1 |
c.-193_-186delinsTG |
r.(=) |
p.? |
SREBP1 binding site |
not tested |
- |
?/? |
_1 |
c.-188C>T |
r.(=) |
p.? |
SREBP1 binding site |
not tested |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/. |
- |
c.-187C>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+?/. |
- |
c.-187_-185del |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
promotor & exon 1 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 1 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 1 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 1 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 1 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 1 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 1 |
<2% LDLR activity when Htz with unknown FH allele |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 1 |
<2% LDLR activity in Hmz |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 1 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 1 |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
_1_1i |
c.(?_-187)_(67+1_68-1)dup |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 1 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_2i |
c.(?_-187)_(190+1_191-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 2 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_2i |
c.(?_-187)_(190+1_191-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 2 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_2i |
c.(?_-187)_(190+1_191-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 2 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_2i |
c.(?_-187)_(190+1_191-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promotor - exon 2 |
45% LDLR activity in Htz fibroblasts |
- |
+/+ |
_1_2i |
c.[(?_-187)_(190+1_191-1)del;(1060+1_1061-1)_(1845+1_1846-1)del] |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 2 & exons 8-12 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_2i |
c.[(?_-187)_(190+1_191-1)del;(1060+1_1061-1)_(1845+1_1846-1)del] |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 2 & exons 8-12 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_6i |
c.(?_-187)_(940+1_941-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 6 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_6i |
c.(?_-187)_(940+1_941-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 6 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_6i |
c.(?_-187)_(940+1_941-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 6 |
40-50% LDLR activity in Htz |
- |
+/+ |
_1_7i |
c.(?_-187)_(1060+1_1061-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 7 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_8i |
c.(?_-187)_(1186+1_1187-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 8 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_12i |
c.(?_-187)_(1845+1_1846-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 12 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_14i |
c.(?_-187)_(2140+1_2141-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 14 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_15i |
c.(?_-187)_(2311+1_2312-1)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
Promoter - exon 15 |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_18_ |
c.(?_-187)_(*2584_?)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
whole gene |
- |
- |
+/+ |
_1_18_ |
c.(?_-187)_(*2584_?)del |
r.(?) |
p.0? |
whole gene |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-185_-183del |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SREBP1 binding site |
5-15% LDLR activity when Htz with FH Pedi-1 (c.172delG, p.(Glu58Serfs*148)). 10% of wt luciferase activity |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-156C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SREBP2 binding site |
Not tested |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/. |
- |
c.-156C>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-155_-154delinsTTCTGCAAACTCCT |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SREBP2 binding site |
11% of wt trascriptional activity (luciferase assay) |
- |
?/? |
1 |
c.-153C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SREBP2 binding site |
Not tested |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+/. |
- |
c.-152C>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-152C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SREBP2 binding site |
40% of wt transcription using luciferase assay |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-152C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SREBP2 binding site |
40% of wt transcription using luciferase assay |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-152C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SREBP2 binding site |
40% of wt transcription using luciferase assay |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/. |
- |
c.-150A>G |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
?/? |
1 |
c.-149C>A |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SREBP2 binding site |
not tested |
- |
?/? |
1 |
c.-146C>A |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SREBP2 binding site |
Not tested |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/. |
- |
c.-143A>C |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+/. |
- |
c.-142C>G |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
?/? |
1 |
c.-142C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
20% of wt transcription using luciferase assay & blocks ability to bind Sp1 (gel retardation assays). |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/? |
1 |
c.-142C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
20% of wt transcription using luciferase assay & blocks ability to bind Sp1 (gel retardation assays). |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-140C>G |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
7% transcriptional activity (luciferase assay). 25% reduction nuclear protein binding (EMSA assay){PMID21538688: De Castro-Oros 2011} |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-140C>G |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
7% of wt trascriptional activity (luciferase assay). 25% reduction of nuclear protein binding (EMSA assay) |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-140C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
6% of wt trascriptional activity (luciferase assay). 25% reduction of nuclear protein binding in (EMSA assay) |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/? |
1 |
c.-139C>A |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
Not tested |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+/. |
- |
c.-139C>G |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-139C>G |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
26% of wt using luciferase assay |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+/. |
- |
c.-138del |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-138del |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
24% LDLR activity in Htz lymphocytes. Reduced level of expression |
conservation: 12/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-138T>C |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
Luciferase assay 43% of normal in the presence & 25% in the absence of sterols in the medium. |
conservation: 12/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+/. |
- |
c.-137C>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
?/? |
1 |
c.-137C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
5-15% LDLR activity when Htz with c.1222G>A, p.(Glu408Lys), FH Algeria-1, FH Osaka |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/? |
1 |
c.-137C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
Not tested |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-136C>G |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
22% of wt trascriptional activity (luciferase assay). 30% reduction of nuclear protein binding in (EMSA assay) |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+/. |
- |
c.-136C>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-136C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
50% reduction of binding, internalization & degradation of labeled LDL in Htz fibroblasts compared with wt. Reduced mRNA levels; SP1 binding inhibited |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-136C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
- |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-136C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
- |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-136C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
- |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-136C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
Transcription level of variant reduced to <5% of wt |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/. |
_1 |
c.-135C>A |
r.(=) |
p.(?) |
- |
- |
MutationTaster: Disease causing |
+/. |
- |
c.-135C>G |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-135C>G |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
5-15% LDLR activity in Hmz. 11% trascriptional activity (luciferase assay){PMID21538688: De Castro-Oros 2011} |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-135C>G |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
11% of wt trascriptional activity (luciferase assay){PMID21538688: De Castro-Oros et al, Hum Mutat. 2011 Aug;32(8):868-72} |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+ |
1 |
c.-135C>G |
r.(=) |
p.(0) |
SP1 binding site |
11% of wt trascriptional activity (luciferase assay){PMID21538688: De Castro-Oros et al, Hum Mutat. 2011 Aug;32(8):868-72} |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/? |
1 |
c.-135C>G |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
SP1 binding site |
11% of wt trascriptional activity (luciferase assay){PMID21538688: De Castro-Oros et al, Hum Mutat. 2011 Aug;32(8):868-72} |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/. |
1 |
c.-134C>A |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
?/. |
- |
c.-122C>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-121T>C |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
TATA box/SP1 binding site |
72% of WT promoter activity (luciferase assay) {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-121T>C |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
TATA box/SP1 binding site |
72% of WT promoter activity (luciferase assay) {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/. |
- |
c.-120C>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-120C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
TATA box/SP1 binding site |
3% of WT promoter activity (luciferase assay) |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-120C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
TATA box/SP1 binding site |
3% of WT promoter activity (luciferase assay) |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-120C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
TATA box/SP1 binding site |
3% of WT promoter activity (luciferase assay) |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
+?/+? |
1 |
c.-120C>T |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
TATA box/SP1 binding site |
3% of WT promoter activity (luciferase assay) |
conservation: 13/13 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/+? |
1 |
c.-101T>C |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
TATA box |
64% of WT promoter activity (luciferase assay) {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
conservation: 12/12 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/. |
- |
c.-98C>T |
r.(?) |
p.(=) |
- |
- |
- |
-?/-? |
1 |
c.-88G>A |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
5'UTR |
Normal levels of transcription (luciferase assay in HEPG2 cells) |
conservation: 12/12 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |
?/? |
1 |
c.-68A>C |
r.(=) |
p.(=) |
5'UTR |
not tested |
conservation: 5/11 conservation {PMID25248394:Khamis et al European Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 23, 790–795} |