Variant #0001068590 (NC_000002.11:g.191741905_191750205[4], NM_014905.4:c.-3906_ 386+4009[4] (GLS))

Individual ID	00472633
Chromosome	2
Allele	Parent #2
Affects function (as reported)	Affects function
Affects function (by curator)	Not classified
Classification method	-
Clinical classification	pathogenic (recessive)
DNA change (genomic) (Relative to hg19 / GRCh37)	g.191741905_191750205[4]
DNA change (hg38)	g.190877179_190885479[4]
Published as	-
ISCN	-
DB-ID	GLS_000007 See all 4 reported entries
Variant remarks	complex quadruplication exon 1 with GCA repeat expansions in each copy (GCA[29]-GCA[661]-GCA[524]-GCA[1185]); RNA expression 0.60 reduction
Reference	PubMed: Fazal 2023, Journal: Yepez 2026
ClinVar ID	-
dbSNP ID	-
Origin	Germline
Segregation	-
Frequency	-
Re-site	-
VIP	-
Methylation	-
Average frequency (gnomAD v.2.1.1)	Genomic location of variant could not be determined
Owner	Johan den Dunnen
Database submission license
Created by	Johan den Dunnen
Date created	2026-02-24 15:05:50 +01:00 (CET)
Date last edited	2026-02-24 15:22:43 +01:00 (CET)

Variant on transcripts

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Affects function: The variant's effect on the function of the gene/protein, displayed in the format 'R/C'. R is the value reported by the source (publication, submitter) and this classification may vary between records. C is the value concluded by the curator. Note that in some database the curator uses Summary records to give details on the classification of the variant.Values used: '+' indicating the variant affects function, '+?' probably affects function, '-' does not affect function, '-?' probably does not affect function, '?' effect unknown, '.' effect was not classified.

Exon: number of exon/intron containing variant; 2 = exon 2, 12i = intron 12, 2i_7i = from intron 2 to intron 7, 8i_9 = intron 8/exon 9 boundary, _1 = 5' to exon 1, 18_ = 3' of exon 18, _1_18_ = encompassing the entire 18-exon gene

DNA change (cDNA): description of variant at DNA level, based on a coding DNA reference sequence (following HGVS recommendations); e.g. c.123C>T, c.123_145del, c.123_126dup. For deletions/duplications extending beyond the reference transcript resp. {0}/{2} is used to replace del/dup. Extent of the deletion/duplication should be specified using the genomic description (g.). "-" indicates the variant described on genomic level does not affect the coding DNA reference sequence.

Haplotype: haplotype on which variant was found

RNA change: description of variant at RNA level (following HGVS recommendations).

r.123c>u
r.? = unknown
r.(?) = RNA not analysed but probably transcribed copy of DNA variant
r.spl? = RNA not analysed but variant probably affects splicing
r.(spl?) = RNA not analysed but variant may affect splicing
r.0? = change expected to abolish transcription

Protein: description of variant at protein level (following HGVS recommendations).

p.(Arg345Pro) = change predicted from DNA (RNA not analysed)
p.Arg345Pro = change derived from RNA analysis
p.? = unknown effect
p.0? = probably no protein produced

How to query this table

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Operator	Column type	Example	Matches
	Text	Arg	all entries containing 'Arg'
space	Text	Arg Ser	all entries containing 'Arg' and 'Ser'
\|	Text	Arg\|Ser	all entries containing 'Arg' or 'Ser'
!	Text	!fs	all entries not containing 'fs'
^	Text	^p.(Arg	all entries beginning with 'p.(Arg'
$	Text	Ser)$	all entries ending with 'Ser)'
=""	Text	=""	all entries with this field empty
=""	Text	="p.0"	all entries exactly matching 'p.0'
!=""	Text	!=""	all entries with this field not empty
!=""	Text	!="p.0"	all entries not exactly matching 'p.0?'
combination	Text	*\|Ter !fs	all entries containing '*' or 'Ter' but not containing 'fs'
	Date	2020	all entries matching the year 2020
\|	Date	2020-03\|2020-04	all entries matching March or April, 2020
!	Date	!2020-03	all entries not matching March, 2020
<	Date	<2020	all entries before the year 2020
<=	Date	<=2020-06	all entries in or before June, 2020
>	Date	>2020-06	all entries after June, 2020
>=	Date	>=2020-06-15	all entries on or after June 15th, 2020
combination	Date	2019\|2020 <2020-03	all entries in 2019 or 2020, and before March, 2020
	Numeric	23	all entries exactly matching 23
\|	Numeric	23\|24	all entries exactly matching 23 or 24
!	Numeric	!23	all entries not exactly matching 23
<	Numeric	<23	all entries lower than 23
<=	Numeric	<=23	all entries lower than, or equal to, 23
>	Numeric	>23	all entries higher than 23
>=	Numeric	>=23	all entries higher than, or equal to, 23
combination	Numeric	>=20 <30 !23	all entries with values from 20 to 29, but not equal to 23

Some more advanced examples:

Example	Matches
Asian	all entries containing 'Asian', 'asian', including 'Caucasian', 'caucasian', etc.
Asian !Caucasian	all entries containing 'Asian' but not containing 'Caucasian'
Asian\|African !Caucasian	all entries containing 'Asian' or 'African', but not containing 'Caucasian'
"South Asian"	all entries containing 'South Asian', but not containing 'South East Asian'

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Gene	Transcript	Affects function	Exon	DNA change (cDNA)	Haplotype	RNA change	Protein
GLS	NM_014905.4	+/.	1	c.-3906_ 386+4009[4]	GCA[29]-GCA[661]-GCA[524]-GCA[1185]	r.=\|0.4	p.?

Screenings

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Template: Template(s) used to detect the sequence variant; DNA (genomic DNA), RNA (cDNA) or protein
All options:

DNA
RNA = RNA (cDNA)
protein
? = unknown

Technique: technique(s) used to identify the sequence variant.
All options:

? = unknown
ARMS = amplification refractory mutation system
arrayCGH = array for Comparative Genomic Hybridisation
arrayMET = array for methylation analysis
arraySEQ = array for resequencing
arraySNP = array for SNP typing
arrayCNV = array for Copy Number Variation (SNP and CNV probes)
ASO = allele-specific oligo hybridisation
BESS = Base Excision Sequence Scanning
CMC = Chemical Mismatch Cleavage
COBRA = Combined Bisulfite Restriction Analysis
CSCE = Conformation Sensitive Capillary Electrophoresis
CSGE = Conformation Sensitive Gel Electrophoresis
ddF = dideoxy Fingerprinting
DGGE = Denaturing-Gradient Gel-Electrophoresis
DHPLC = Denaturing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
DOVAM = Detection Of Virtually All Mutations (SSCA variant)
DSCA = Double-Strand DNA Conformation Analysis
DSDI = Detection Small Deletions and Insertions
EMC = Enzymatic Mismatch Cleavage
expr = expression analysis
FISH = Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridisation
FISHf = fiberFISH
HD = HeteroDuplex analysis
HPLC = High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
IEF = IsoElectric Focussing
IHC = Immuno-Histo-Chemistry
Invader = Invader assay
MAPH = Multiplex Amplifiable Probe Hybridisation
MAQ = Multiplex Amplicon Quantification
MCA = Melting Curve Analysis, high-resolution (HRMA)
microscope = microscopic analysis (karyotype)
microsat = microsatellite genotyping
minigene = expression minigene construct
MIP = Molecular Inversion Probe amplification
MIPsm = single molecule Molecular Inversion Probe amplification
MLPA = Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification
MLPA-ms = Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification, methylation specific
MS = mass spectrometry
Northern = Northern blotting
NUC = nuclease digestion (RNAseT1, S1)
OM = optical mapping
PAGE = Poly-Acrylamide Gel-Electrophoresis
PCR = Polymerase Chain Reaction
PCRdd = PCR, digital droplet
PCRdig = PCR + restriction enzyme digestion
PCRh = PCR, haloplex
PCRlr = PCR, long-range
PCRm = PCR, multiplex
PCRms = PCR, methylation sensitive
PCRq = PCR, quantitative (qPCR)
PCRrp = PCR, repeat-primed (RP-PCR)
PCRsqd = PCR, semi-quantitative duplex
PE = primer extension (APEX, SNaPshot)
PEms = primer extension, methylation-sensitive single-nucleotide
PFGE = Pulsed-Field Gel-Electrophoresis (+Southern)
PTT = Protein Truncation Test
RFLP = Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
RT-PCR = Reverse Transcription and PCR
RT-PCRq = Reverse Transcription and PCR, quantitative
SBE = Single Base Extension
SEQ = SEQuencing (Sanger)
SEQb = bisulfite SEQuencing
SEQp = pyroSequencing
SEQms = sequencing, methylation specific
SEQ-ON = next-generation sequencing - Oxford Nanopore
SEQ-NG = next-generation sequencing
SEQ-NG-RNA = next-generation sequencing RNA
SEQ-NG-H = next-generation sequencing - Helicos
SEQ-NG-I = next-generation sequencing - Illumina/Solexa
SEQ-NG-IT = next-generation sequencing - Ion Torrent
SEQ-NG-R = next-generation sequencing - Roche/454
SEQ-NG-S = next-generation sequencing - SOLiD
SEQ-PB = next-generation sequencing - Pacific Biosciences
SNPlex = SNPlex
Southern = Southern blotting
SSCA = Single-Strand DNA Conformation polymorphism Analysis (SSCP)
SSCAf = fluorescent SSCA (SSCP)
STR = Short Tandem Repeat
TaqMan = TaqMan assay
Western = Western blotting
- = not applicable

Tissue: tissue type used for analysis

Remarks: remarks regarding the screening like WGS (whole genome sequencing), WES (whole exome sequencing, gene panel (incl. a list of genes analysed), etc.

Screening ID	Template	Technique	Tissue	Remarks	Genes screened	Variants found	Owner
0000474300	DNA	PCRrp;SEQ;SEQ-ON	-	-	GLS	2	Johan den Dunnen

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